Selected work

Client engagement

Phoenix Solutions LLC · RabbitChain

A Layer 1 engineered for predictable execution, not headline throughput.

Root Digit supported a 36-month blockchain infrastructure programme spanning consensus, parallel transaction execution, validator operations, EVM compatibility, protocol security and developer tooling.

Client
Phoenix Solutions LLC · RabbitChain
Sector
Blockchain infrastructure
Engagement
Protocol, security and platform engineering
Period
36 months

The problem

What the client needed to solve

Phoenix Solutions needed a Layer 1 network that could sustain high transaction volume and sub-second finality without making consensus failure, validator recovery or transaction ordering opaque.

The network also had to preserve EVM compatibility, low transaction cost and familiar developer tooling while treating protocol security, node operations and upgrade control as part of the same system.

Why it was difficult

Constraints inside the problem

These operating and governance conditions determined what a credible solution had to achieve.

01

Throughput had to survive contention

Parallel execution is useful only when conflicting state access is detected and resolved correctly. Benchmarks therefore had to account for realistic contract interaction rather than independent transfers alone.

02

Fast finality could not reduce fault tolerance

A 0.3-second finality objective still required Byzantine-fault-tolerant agreement, deterministic validator rules and a recovery path for failed or unavailable block producers.

03

EVM compatibility meant operational compatibility

Solidity contracts, MetaMask, Hardhat, Truffle and familiar RPC behaviour had to work without teams learning a separate development model or depending on undocumented chain-specific exceptions.

04

Protocol security extended beyond contract audits

Key management, consensus safety, node operations, networking, bridge behaviour, MEV exposure and upgrade controls all formed part of the attack surface.

The solution

What Root Digit built

Root Digit engineered an EVM-compatible Layer 1 combining DPoS-VP consensus, Byzantine-fault-tolerant agreement, a 21-producer validator model and conflict-safe parallel transaction execution.

The solution included protocol and key security, validator operations, RPC and Solidity compatibility, explorer and SDK services, testnet tooling and application primitives—allowing performance to be evaluated together with safety and operability.

How we did it

Engineering the solution

The workstreams below show how the solution was designed, built and controlled.

01

Consensus and validator design

The DPoS-VP model combined 21 block producers with validation pools of delegated participants. BFT agreement, producer rotation and failover rules were designed together so performance changes could be assessed against fault tolerance.

  • 21 block producers
  • Validation pools
  • BFT agreement
  • Automated failover

02

Parallel execution engine

Transactions were scheduled across independent state paths, with conflicts detected before commit. The design targeted 5,000-plus TPS, 0.3-second finality, five-second block production and a transaction fee near $0.001.

  • State-access analysis
  • Conflict-safe commit
  • 5,000+ TPS target
  • 0.3-second finality target

03

Protocol and key security

Threshold-signature controls, hardware security modules, formal review of critical components and external audits were incorporated into the operating model rather than treated as a pre-launch checklist.

  • Threshold signatures
  • HSM-backed operations
  • Formal verification
  • Independent security review

04

EVM and application tooling

Compatibility work covered the execution environment, RPC interfaces, wallets and established Solidity toolchains. Root Digit also delivered SDKs, explorer services, a testnet faucet and technical documentation.

  • Solidity and EVM
  • MetaMask and RPC
  • SDKs and explorer
  • Faucet and documentation

05

DeFi and market protections

Core services included oracle integration, swaps, liquidity primitives and flash-loan support, with controls for transaction ordering and MEV exposure considered at protocol level.

  • Oracle services
  • Liquidity and swaps
  • Flash-loan support
  • MEV controls

System design

Architecture and controls

01

Consensus layer

Block-producer election, validation pools, BFT voting and failover determined which history could be committed and how the network recovered from unavailable participants.

02

Execution layer

EVM-compatible execution, parallel scheduling and conflict handling turned ordered transactions into a deterministic state transition across every validating node.

03

Network and operations layer

Peer networking, validator deployment, telemetry, explorer services and upgrade procedures provided the operational controls required to run and observe the protocol.

Delivery sequence

How the programme progressed

Phase 01

Protocol specification

Consensus, validator incentives, network assumptions, state model and measurable performance and safety criteria.

Phase 02

Reference implementation

Consensus nodes, EVM execution, parallel scheduler, RPC compatibility and initial validator tooling.

Phase 03

Testnet and security hardening

Load and fault testing, key controls, formal review, external audits and operational runbooks.

Phase 04

Ecosystem infrastructure

SDKs, documentation, explorer, faucet, application primitives and support for network participants.

Outcomes and evidence

What the solution achieved

Network-scale and ecosystem figures are based on Phoenix Solutions programme records. Root Digit has not independently audited public-chain activity; protocol scope, architecture and delivery facts reflect the engineering engagement.

5,000+
transactions per second

Sustained production performance reported by the client.

0.3 s
transaction finality

Reported production finality.

99.99%
network availability

Reported across 24 months of operation.

500M+
transactions processed

Client-reported network record.

Engagement conclusion

RabbitChain’s delivery was treated as a full protocol operating system: consensus, execution, keys, tooling and recovery procedures were designed as one system. That is what allowed performance objectives to be evaluated without separating them from safety and operability.

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